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Bem, Józef Zachariasz (1794-1850),
Polish patriot and freedom fighter. Took part in the Polish struggles for independence against Russia in 1812 and 1830/31 and in the Hungarian uprising of 1848. After fleeing to the Ottoman Empire, he converted to Islam in 1849 and became governor of Aleppo (as Murad Pasha).

British Envoys to Germany, Vol. II, p. 301

British Envoys to Germany, Vol. III, p. 419

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